Abstract:
The effect of atmospheric refraction on the results of precise leveling measurements is investigated. This study is based on level measurements for 30 km line provided by Geodesy, Cartography and Cadastre Agency. The results show that refraction’s impact is not eliminated with one and the same positive and negative differences of elevation. The correction must be applied for each instrument set-up. Largest values of refraction are observed in the leveling distances with highest terrain slope. The error caused by refraction is a significant systematic error in the leveling measurements and it is mandatory to be applied.